Perfluorinated compounds (PFC) are a large group of chemicals produced for several decades thatare widely used in many industrial and commercial processes. There are growing concerns about Perfluorinated chemicals, due to their global distribution, environmental persistence and bio-accumulative nature. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the harmful changes occurred in the structure of the thyroid gland of adult male albino rats after administration of perfluorooctanoicacid and to clarify the probable protective role of curcumin. In this context. Forty male albino rats, weighing 180–200 gm and pathogenically free were utilized. Animals subdivided randomly in to four groups, control, curcumin, PFOA group: rat was given PFOA andPFAO+Curcumingroup: rats received PFOA +curcumin. The initial and final body weight were recorded, and the serum samples were collected for estimation thyroid hormones(T3,T4,TSH).Thyroid sections were prepared for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical detection ofINOS and caspase 3. We also assessed oxidative enzymatic and lipid peroxidation biochemical profiles in tissue homogenate. Ultrastructure examination was performed by electron microscope.Morphometrical analysis were done to estimate the diameter and the highest of follicular cells and the % area of Mallory trichomestain, INOS and caspase-3 expression. We observed that Curcuminadministration before and along with the PFOArestored the final body weight, the normal thyroid hormonal levels, the thyroid histopathological and ultrastructuralchanges and significantly reduced INOS and caspase-3 immuno-expression. Additionally, Curcuminadministration rescued of the oxidative enzymatic activity, lipid peroxidation profiles. We concluded that curcumin exhibited perceptible antioxidant and antiapoptotic impacts on the thyroid cytomorphological, immunohistochemicaland biochemical effects induced by PFOA.