عنوان المقالة: Oblivious, paranoid, and disclosed negative ties: An examination of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between negative ties and job performance
This study extends the literature on negative relationships by proposing a classification of negative
ties that involve oblivious, paranoid, and disclosed ties. This classification provides a guide to
explore the causal mechanisms that underlie the relationship of negative ties to individual job performance
(productivity and task performance). Specifically, we hypothesize that (a) disclosed and
oblivious ties can constrain opportunity to perform through structural empowerment and (b)
disclosed and paranoid ties can constrain willingness to perform through psychological empowerment.
Drawing on data from 121 faculty members working in a public college located in the south
of Iraq, we found structural empowerment and psychological empowerment to be the mediating
variables in the negative ties–performance relationship. The theoretical and practical implications
of these findings are discussed.
عامر علي العطوي | Amer Ali Al-Atwi | 11334