The present study aims to describe the snake species in Aden governorate, Republic of Yemen, and prepares identification keys to the families with their species to establish a database for future studies. The list of snake species was updated and discussed. Species of B. fuliginosus, P. schokari and R. moilensis were moved from the family Colubridae to the new family ‘Lamprophiidae’ according to recent studies. The results revealed the occurrence of 18 species of snakes which occur in Aden governorate, ten of which are poisonous and seven may lead to death. These are: all members of the families Elapidae and Viperidae, in addition to one species of the family Lamprophiidae (Atractaspis).