S. Sakenova, U. Konbr, T. Kisselyova, Z. Aimagambetova, G. Mugzhanova and D. Amandykova
الملخص الانجليزي
This article examines microclimate formation in low-rise urban dwellings and courtyard spaces, focusing on bioclimatic building design in southern Kazakhstan. The article considers various factors, including climate, natural conditions, social and economic considerations, and energy and environmental factors. The use of local resources and "folk architecture" principles are also explored, drawing on experiences from other world regions. The article recognizes the impact of climatic characteristics on building design. It proposes an architectural and planning structure for bioclimatic residential buildings based on factors such as building height, degree of openness, and green space placement. Bioclimatic buildings are designed based on the climatic features of the region and are classified into "northern," "southern," and "moderate types." In southern Kazakhstan, which has a sharply continental climate, "moderate types" of bioclimatic buildings are used. These buildings have a mixed bio-environment to protect against high and low summer temperatures in winter. Both overheating and cooling of the building are given equal attention. Carefully planning yard areas and facade orientation can achieve optimal microclimates in mixed-structure dwellings. This can be achieved through kinetic openings, rotating modules, energy-efficient materials, and renewable energy sources such as solar systems, heat pumps, and wind turbines. The building envelope can respond to external climatic changes, regulate the indoor microclimate, and offer opportunities for the transportability of ceilings, facades, and buildings. It is recommended to install different building operation modes depending on changing settings, such as open, half-open, and closed.
أسامة قنبر | Usama Konbr | 6405