The Dome of the Rock considered one of the most important landmarks of Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, built by Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan, (685-691 A.D), it is an octagonal building has four doors, and within, another octagon based on pillars and cylindrical columns, in inside it, the circle surrounding the Rock and the dome above it.
When the Crusaders conquered Jerusalem (1099), they turned the Aqsa Mosque as an accommodation for soldiers. And transferred the Dome of the Rock into a church, and kept control of Jerusalem until liberated by Saladin (1187).
In the middle Ages, Jerusalem was a source of inspiration for Europeans architects and photographers in general and the Italians in particular. Dome of the Rock became an element in the urban planning of the city, any architectural or artistic perception to Jerusalem, did not prejudice the perception of the control of the Dome of the Rock.
The dome also controled of most of the urban planning of Italian cities. In fact, the Rome imitation of Jerusalem in urban and architecture in ninth-century AD, and attempted to portray Jerusalem in technically and imitated it architecturally.
The image of Jerusalem was a model is imitated of most important europian churches in Italy, Constantinople, France and Germany.
The importance of research in highlighting the religious and artistic impact of the Dome of the Rock on the European architecture, in order to highlight the octagonal planning, which was followed in the churches since the ninth to the fifteenth centuries AD.
This paper addresses - through the analytical method - octagonal Dome of the Rock planning, Europeans have been affected by this planning to build a large number of religious buildings, especially churches, and thus most affected by the spiritual influence in Jerusalem in general and the Dome of the Rock in particular, it is clear that the architectural, Islamic and Arabic identity in Jerusalem, imposed its presence in the religious monuments.
تاريخ النشر
01/09/1016
الناشر
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY (JIARM)
أ. د. محمود أحمد درويش | Mahmoud Ahmed Darwish | 10685