عنوان المقالة: Prophylactic and Therapeutic Treatments' Effect of Moringa Oleifera Methanol Extract on Cryptosporidium Infection in Immunosuppressed Mice
Abstract: Background: As natural herbs and medicinal plants extracts are widely used as alternative
treatments for different parasitic diseases, some have been tested on Cryptosporidium either in
vitro or in vivo. This study assessed the prophylactic and therapeutic treatments' effect of Moringa
oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves methanol extract on immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium infected
mice.
Methods: The evaluation was carried out by Cryptosporidium oocysts count in fecal samples, histopathological
changes in the intestinal tissues, determination of IFN-γ level in mice sera and
measuring the antioxidant activity in the intestinal tissues.
Results: Prophylactic treatment by M. oleifera extract lowered Cryptosporidium oocysts shedding
from immunosuppressed-infected mice although there was no complete elimination of the parasite.
However, therapeutic treatment induced a significant reduction in Cryptosporidium oocysts counts
by 91.8% higher than that of the drug control (nitazoxanide) group (77.2%). Histopathologically,
the intestinal tissues from immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium infected mice showed loss of brush
border with severe villous atrophy and extensive necrosis. M. oleifera prophylactic treatment induced
a moderate improvement of the pathological changes. However, the villi in M. oleifera therapeutic
treated mice retained their normal appearance with minimal inflammatory cells. It was observed
that M. oleifera extract induced a significant upregulation of IFN-γ in both prophylactic and
therapeutic treated groups compared to that of the infected untreated group. In addition, M. oleifera
leaves extract exhibited a significant antioxidant activity by reducing the levels of Nitric Oxide
(NO) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) level in the intestinal
tissues compared to those of the infected and drug controls.Conclusion: M. oleifera leaves extract has potent prophylactic and therapeutic activities against
infection with Cryptosporidium.
ا.د. نجوى مصطفى السيد | Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed | 3421