Molecular biology:  DNA extraction.  Gel documentation.  PCR.  Reverse Line Blot assay (RLB) PCR.  Cloning and sequencing. 5  Loop-mediated isothermal amplifications (LAMP) PCR.  Entomology:  Tick taxonomy.  Dissection of ticks salivary glands, staining and determination of its vectorial capacity.  Tick rearing.  Diagnostic and research techniques:  Immuno-fluorescence antibody test (IFA) test.  Enzyme lines Immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) test.  Tissue cell culture.  Splenectomy and immuno-supresion of experimental laboratory animals.  Histo-pro.  GIS and Remote sensing:  GIS techniques and analysis.  Processing and interpretation of images.  Disease mapper.