تحاول هذهِ الدراسةُ أنْ تُجَلِّي الدرسَ الصوتيّ اللُّغويّ عندَ العربِ، مِنْ خلالِ دراسةِ جهودِ بعض علماءِ العربيَّة القدماء، وجهود بعض علماءِ الفلسفةِ والطبِّ والحكمةِ، وجهود بعض علماءِ القراءاتِ والتجويدِ، فهم أوَّلُ من اهتمَّ به، وَدَرَسَه؛ حِرْصًا منهم على الحفاظِ على لسانِهم العربي المبينِ، لاسيَّما بعدَ انتشارِ اللَّحْنِ على مستوياتٍ متعدِّدةٍ، فعَمَدَوا على دراسةِ أصواتِ لغتهم ومفرداتِها، ووصْفِ تراكيبها، وألَّفُوا في ذلك كُتبًا لضبْطِها وروايتِها، ووضعوا القواعدَ التي تَصِفُ هذا اللِّسانَ وصْفًا مُحكمًا ودقيقًا. ولذلكَ كانَ لهم فَضْلُ السَّبْقِ في الوقوفِ على كثيرٍ من الظواهرِ الصوتيَّةِ والصرفيَّةِ والنَّحْويَّةِ التي أفادت المحدثينَ إفادةً كثيرةً، ولاسيَّما الغَرْب، فَقَدْ سَبَقَت الأمَّةُ العربيَّةُ غَيْرَها مِن الأُمَمِ في التقْعِيدِ اللِّسانيِّ بِمسْتَوَيَاتِهِ الصوتيَّةِ والصرفيَّةِ والنَّحْويَّةِ والدِّلاليَّةِ.
الملخص الانجليزي
This research tries to illustrate the phonological linguistic learning by Arabs through studying the endeavors of some old Arabic language scholars as well as the efforts made by some scholars of philosophy and medicine and those made by scholars of recitatios an intonation. They were the first to be interested in it. They studied it for they were keen of preserving the clarity of their Arabic mother tongue that was particularly vulnerable to confusion and ambiguity because of the phonological and grammatical errors which were largely spread at many levels. Consequently, they began to study the phonology and the morphology of their mother tongue as well as the description of its structure. They composed a lot of books for this objective. Thus, they put the accurate rules to control and describe this language perfectly. So, they were the first to observe a lot of such phonological, morphological and grammatical phenomena of which the modern linguists, especially those of the west, got benefit. The Arab nation was the first to put linguistic basics at different levels: phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic.
د. سالم مبارك محمد حسن بن عبيدالله | D. Salem Mubarak mohammed ban obaidellah | 12249