عنوان المقالة: Relationship of angiotensin converting enzyme (I/D) polymorphism (rs4646994) and coronary heart disease among a male Iraqi population with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Raghda N. Hemeed, Fadhil J. Al-Tu’ma, Dhafer A. F. Al-Koofee & Ahmed H. AlMayali
Abstract
Insertion deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs4646994) in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has a substantial effect on coronary heart disease (CHD). The amplification of an Alu repetitive element in an intron of the ACE has shown three potential genotypes of I/I and D/D as homozygous, and I/D as heterozygous. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the ACE gene polymorphism and CHD among male Iraqi patients with and without type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A case-control study oftotal 217 male subjectsparticipatedin thisstudy,divided intothree groups; Group1 including 86CHDpatientswithT2DM,group2including78CHDpatientswithoutT2DM,andgroup3including53ageandsex-matched healthy individuals (as a control group). Genotyping of ACE (I/D) gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results TheIIallelewassignificantlymorefrequentinCHDpatientswithoutT2DMcomparedtothecontrolpopulation,butnot from those patients with T2DM (p<0.05). Nonetheless, the ID allele was significantly more frequent in each of CHD with T2DM and control populations compared to the CHD without T2DM. The DD allele was significantly more frequent in CHD patients with T2DM compared to each of CHD patients without T2DM and control populations (p<0.05). Conclusion WeconcludethattheD/DandI/DgenotypesareimplicatedasriskfactorsfordevelopmentofCHDwithT2DM,but notCHDwithoutT2DMamongthemaleIraqipopulation.However,largersamplesizesareneededtomonitortheCHDpatients and to validate this study.
ظافر عبد المهدي فيصل الكوفي | Dhafer A.F. Al-Koofee | 5089