Preparation of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies -Covid -19 for COVID-19 In IRAQ
احسان عيدان السيمري | Ihsan Edan Alsaimary
20/05/2021 القراءات: 1473
Preparation of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies specialized for Local SARS-Covid -19 Strain as an active immunological therapy for COVID-19 In IRAQ
Prof.dr.ihsan edan abdulkareem Alsaimary
Department of microbiology-college of medicine – university of Basrah .
e.mail: [email protected] mobile: 07801410838
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Monoclonal Antibody Production Methods
Monoclonal Antibody Production technology was developed in 1975. Since its development it has been very important in the modern medical science with the diagnosis, therapy, research and even basic science today. It is still largely dependent upon animal testing however. Because it requires immunization of mice in order for them to create the antibodies to be grown.
Monoclonal Antibody Production or mAb is produced by cell lines or clones obtained from the immunized animals with the substance to be studied. Cell lines are produced by fusing B cells from the immunized animal with myeloma cells. To produce the desired mAb, the cells must be grown in either of two ways: by injection into the peritoneal cavity of a suitably prepared mouse (the in vivo, or mouse ascites, method) or by in vitro tissue culture.
The vitro tissue culture is the method used when the cells are places in culture
outside the mouse's body in a flask.
Why this method is used!!
This method is used because antibodies must be formed from the immunization of the substance being studied. So antibodies must be produced. Once the antibodies are
produced the animal aspect of the study can be eliminated and tissue culture can then be used.
When using live mice researchers have found that it is the better option because in vitro doesn’t always produce adequate cell lines that are adaptive to tissue culture. Protein denaturation can occur from purification techniques and antibody activity is decreased with normal activity not represented. Also cell lines could possibly become contaminated when using in vitro technique.
Hybridoma Technique
In 1975, Kohler and Milstein first fused lymphocytes to produce a cell line which was both immortal and a producer of specific antibodies. The two scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1984 for the development of this "hybridoma." The value of
hybridomas to the field was not truly appreciated until about 1987, when MAbs were regularly produced in rodents for diagnostics. B lymphocytes can mutate into tumor cells that result in
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